Occupation-as-means to mental health: A review of the literature, and a call for research

نویسنده

  • KAREN L. REBEIRO
چکیده

LAREVUECANADIENNE D’ERGOTHÉRAPIE • FÉVRIER1998 12 ABSTRACT Occupational therapy is a profession which is based upon many beliefs about occupation. One belief is that engagement in occupation can promote physical and mental health. This belief appears to support the profession’s jurisdictional claim to the use and application of occupation in psychosocial practice. A review of the psychosocial occupational therapy literature yielded few empirical studies which addressed the use of occupation-as-means to mental health. A discrepancy exists between what the profession theoretically advances about occupation and the research conducted in this area. This discrepancy is highlighted as a possible explanation for the lack of recognition of the value of occupational therapy in mental health and is forwarded as a potential risk to the profession’s jurisdictional claim to the use and application of occupation. A call to research is advanced to develop a knowledge base on occupation, to empirically support the use of occupation as therapy, and to secure a unique role for occupational therapy in psychosocial practice. RESUMÉ L’ergothérapie est une profession fondée sur de nombreuses croyances en ce qui concerne l’occupation. L’une de ces croyances est que la participation à des occupations favorise la santé physique et mentale. Parallèlement à cette croyance, l’ergothérapie revendique la promotion de l’occupation dans le domaine de la réadaptation psychosociale comme champ de compétence. L’examen de la littérature portant sur le rôle de l’ergothérapie en réadaptation psychosociale révèle que peu d’études empiriques ont été menées sur la promotion de l’occupation pour favoriser la santé mentale. En effet, on trouve dans la littérature des écarts entre les fondements théoriques de l’occupation en santé mentale préconisés en ergothérapie et les recherches menées dans le domaine de la santé mentale. D’après l’auteur, ces écarts peuvent expliquer le manque de reconnaissance de la valeur de l’ergothérapie dans le domaine de la santé mentale. L’article souligne également que ces écarts risquent de remettre en question le champ de compétence de la profession quant à la promotion de l’occupation en santé mentale. Cet article suggère qu’il est nécessaire d’orienter les recherches dans cette direction, afin d’approfondir les connaissances de base sur l’occupation, d’effectuer des études empiriques pour appuyer la promotion de l’occupation à titre thérapeutique et pour affirmer le rôle unique de l’ergothérapie dans le domaine de la réadaptation psychosociale. Karen L. Rebeiro, M.Sc., B.Sc.O.T.(C). is the Director of Rehabilitation Services at Network North: The Community Mental Health Group, Sudbury, Ontario. She was a graduate student in the M.Sc. programme in occupational therapy at the University of Western Ontario when this paper was written.

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تاریخ انتشار 1999